Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2021 Population

128,061

3.52% 1-year growth

US Senator

Marsha Blackburn

Republican Party

US Senator

Bill Hagerty

Republican Party

2021 Median Age

32.5

0% 1-year change

2021 Poverty Rate

20%

5.12% 1-year decrease

2021 Median Household Income

$58,598

9.43% 1-year growth

2021 Median Property Value

$329,100

11.1% 1-year growth

2021 Employed Population

71,168

6.61% 1-year growth

About

In 2021, Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN had a population of 128k people with a median age of 32.5 and a median household income of $58,598. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN grew from 123,712 to 128,061, a 3.52% increase and its median household income grew from $53,550 to $58,598, a 9.43% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are White (Non-Hispanic) (50.2%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (35.8%), White (Hispanic) (4.34%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (3.09%), and Asian (Non-Hispanic) (2.33%).

11.2% of the households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

94% of the residents in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are Tennessee State University (221838) (1,470 degrees awarded in 2021), Trevecca Nazarene University (1,323 degrees), and Lincoln College of Technology-Nashville (650 degrees).

In 2021, the median property value in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was $329,100, and the homeownership rate was 40.3%.

Most people in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was 2 cars per household.

Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN borders Nashville-Davidson (East) PUMA, TN, Nashville-Davidson (North) PUMA, TN, Nashville-Davidson (Southeast) PUMA, TN, and Nashville-Davidson (Southwest) PUMA, TN.

United States Tennessee

Population & Diversity

Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN is home to a population of 128k people, from which 94% are citizens. As of 2021, 9.42% of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN residents were born outside of the country (12.1k people).

In 2021, there were 1.4 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (64.3k people) in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN than any other race or ethnicity. There were 45.8k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 5.56k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are Spanish (7,335 households), Arabic (1,155 households), and Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages (1,118 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

65,770

Women

51.2%

62,578

Men

48.8%

The resident population of United States in 2021 was 128,348 inhabitants, with 48.8% men, and 51.2% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

94%

2021 Citizenship

93.9%

2020 Citizenship

As of 2021, 94% of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2020, the percentage of US citizens in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was 93.9%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN

White (Non-Hispanic)
64.3k ± 2.02k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
45.8k ± 2.44k
White (Hispanic)
5.56k ± 956

7.95%

Hispanic Population

10.2k people

7.95% of the people in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are hispanic (10.2k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Mexico
2,310 ± 1,169 people
Guatemala
1,264 ± 869 people
Honduras
739 ± 665 people

In 2021, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was Mexico, the natal country of 2,310 Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN residents, followed by Guatemala with 1,264 and Honduras with 739.

Foreign-Born Population

9.42%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

12.1k people

9.18%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

11.4k people

As of 2021, 9.42% of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN residents (12.1k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2020, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was 9.18%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
7,335 households (6.08%)
Arabic
1,155 households (0.958%)
Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages
1,118 households (0.927%)

11.2% of the households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 21.7%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2021, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was Spanish. 6.08% of the households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
1,474 ± 321
Gulf War (2001-)
1,410 ± 401
Gulf War (1990s)
797 ± 261

Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.05 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN employs 71.2k people. The largest industries in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are Restaurants & Food Services (6,384 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (4,490 people), and Colleges, universities & professional schools, including junior colleges (3,067 people), and the highest paying industries are Air transportation ($186,330), Motion pictures & video industries ($126,136), and Legal services ($121,589).

Males in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN have an average income that is 1.25 times higher than the average income of females, which is $55,054. The income inequality in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN (measured using the Gini index) is 0.462, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

33,635

Women

50.4%

33,123

Men

49.6%

The workforce of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN in 2020 was 66,758 people, with 50.4% woman, and 49.6% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

71.2k

2021 Value

6.61%

1 Year growth

± 6.61%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN grew at a rate of 6.61%, from 66.8k employees to 71.2k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN, are Other managers (2,257 people), Registered nurses (1,757 people), and Cooks (1,744 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Tennessee (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

71.2k

2021 Value

6.61%

1 Year growth

± 6.61%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN grew at a rate of 6.61%, from 66.8k employees to 71.2k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN, are Restaurants & Food Services (6,384 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (4,490 people), and Colleges, universities & professional schools, including junior colleges (3,067 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN, though some of these residents may live in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$43,940

Median earning men ± $1,646

$39,147

Median earning women ± $1,656

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2021 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($64,167), Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($61,543), and Public Administration ($60,789).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2021 are Public Administration ($61,806), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($56,432), and Wholesale Trade ($54,777).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

Y-Axis

2.75%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 155M people employed in Tennessee. This represents a 2.75% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Tennessee.

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Tennessee to other states, or from other states to Tennessee.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound Tennessee product (by dollars) was Electronics with $51.3B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($50.3B) and Pharmaceuticals ($49.5B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Tennessee products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Tennessee.

$471B

2020 Value in Tennessee

$1.05T

Projected 2050 Value in Tennessee

123% growth

In 2020, total outbound Tennessee trade was $471B. This is expected to increase 123% to $1.05T by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Tennessee trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Tennessee to other states, or from other states to Tennessee.

Most Common Trade Partners

Georgia
$34.2B
Texas
$26.7B
Kentucky
$21B

In 2020, the top outbound Tennessee domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Georgia with $34.2B, followed by Texas with $26.7B and Kentucky and $21B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Tennessee shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Tennessee went to Donald J. Trump with 60.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (37.5%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.978%).

Marsha Blackburn and Bill Hagerty are the senators currently representing the state of Tennessee. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Tennessee is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN. Showing the available data for Tennessee.

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (60.7%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (37.5%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (0.978%)
Independent Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Tennessee went to Donald J. Trump with 60.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (37.5%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.978%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Tennessee for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Tennessee

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Tennessee.

Marsha Blackburn

Senator from Tennessee

Assumed office on January 3, 2019

Bill Hagerty

Senator from Tennessee

Assumed office on January 3, 2021

Marsha Blackburn and Bill Hagerty are the senators currently representing Tennessee.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Tennessee over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Tennessee

Tennessee is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Tennessee have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2021, universities in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN awarded 3,948 degrees. The student population of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN in 2021 is skewed towards women, with 6,266 male students and 9,184 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are Black or African American (1,804 and 47.5%), followed by White (1,625 and 42.8%), Hispanic or Latino (177 and 4.66%), and Asian (80 and 2.11%).

The largest universities in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN by number of degrees awarded are Tennessee State University (221838) (1,470 and 37.2%), Trevecca Nazarene University (1,323 and 33.5%), and Lincoln College of Technology-Nashville (650 and 16.5%).

The most popular majors in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are General Business Administration & Management (492 and 12.5%), General Psychology (159 and 4.03%), and Other Educational Administration & Supervision (157 and 3.98%).

The median tuition costs in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN are $20,928 for private four year colleges, and $7,128 and $20,484 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2021 in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN, the percentage of applicants admitted was 65.4%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 19.2%. The number of students enrolled in 2021 was 15,450 (40.6% men and 59.4% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2021 there were 15,450 students enrolled in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN, 40.6% men and 59.4% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in Black or African American with 8,801 records, of which 63.9% were women and 36.1% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Business Administration & Management
286 degrees awarded
General Psychology
138 degrees awarded
General Biological Sciences
84 degrees awarded

In 2021, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was General Business Administration & Management with 286 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Tennessee State University (221838)
1,470 degrees awarded
Trevecca Nazarene University
1,323 degrees awarded
Lincoln College of Technology-Nashville
650 degrees awarded

In 2021, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Tennessee State University (221838) with 1,470 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2021, 1,745 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN, which is 0.792 times less than the 2,203 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2021 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was Black or African American students. These 1,804 degrees mean that there were 1.11 times more degrees awarded to Black or African American students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, White, with 1,625 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($20,928) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2021.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,314) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2021.

Public, 4-year or above ($2,900) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2021, 0.718% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 1.03% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN in 2021 were Bachelors Degree (30.8k), High School or Equivalent (23.7k), and Some college (21.4k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was $329,100 in 2021, which is 1.34 times larger than the national average of $244,900. Between 2020 and 2021 the median property value increased from $296,200 to $329,100, a 11.1% increase. The homeownership rate in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN is 40.3%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.6%.

People in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN have an average commute time of 21.9 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN is $58,598. In 2021, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was Franklin & Brentwood Cities PUMA, TN with a value of $116,492, followed by Collierville Town & Germantown City PUMA, TN and Nashville-Davidson (Southwest) PUMA, TN, with respective values of $106,550 and $94,118.

Housing

Property

$329,100

Median Property Value 2021

±$9,798

$23,073

Median Property Taxes

±$1,309

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

40.3%

Homeownership

2021

65.4%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2021

In 2021, 40.3% of the housing units in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 39.6%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2021, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was Franklin & Brentwood Cities PUMA, TN with a value of $116,492, followed by Collierville Town & Germantown City PUMA, TN and Nashville-Davidson (Southwest) PUMA, TN, with respective values of $106,550 and $94,118.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$58,598

Median Household Income

± $3,049

57.2k

Number of Households

± 2,093

In 2021, the median household income of the 57.2k households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN grew to $58,598 from the previous year's value of $53,550.

The following chart displays the households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Wage Distribution

0.462

2021 Wage GINI in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN

0.465

2020 Wage GINI in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN

In 2021, the income inequality in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was 0.462 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.571% decline from 2020 to 2021, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2021

Drove Alone (67.1%)
Worked At Home (15.4%)
Carpooled (7.6%)

In 2021, 67.1% of workers in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (15.4%) and those who carpooled to work (7.6%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

21.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN have a shorter commute time (21.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.8 minutes). Additionally, 1.81% of the workforce in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

20% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN (24.4k out of 122k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.6%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Males 6 - 11 and then Females 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

86.4% of the population of Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN has health coverage, with 47.1% on employee plans, 18.2% on Medicaid, 6.38% on Medicare, 13.4% on non-group plans, and 1.4% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Tennessee see 1401 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.358% increase from the previous year (1396 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1794 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 594 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Tennessee.

1,401 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Tennessee

Primary care physicians in Tennessee see an average of 1,401 patients per year. This represents a 0.358% increase from the previous year (1,396 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Tennessee in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2021, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 18.9% under 18 years, 36.9% between 18 and 34 years, 35% between 35 and 64 years, and 9.26% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 46.1% were men and 53.9% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

13.6%

Uninsured

47.1%

Employer Coverage

18.2%

Medicaid

6.38%

Medicare

13.4%

Non-Group

1.4%

Military or VA

Between 2020 and 2021, the percent of uninsured citizens in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN grew by 3.47% from 13.1% to 13.6%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Nashville-Davidson (Central) PUMA, TN changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.